Civil Rights Movement Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

cultured Rights Movement - Research Paper ExampleWhile on the other hand, same words redden refer to the atrocities experienced by African American while they stood up for their rights. The most disturbing project that comes to our minds when we talk of civil rights is the mass murder of black school girls who were killed while they were participating in sunlight school and a bomb struck the 16th street Baptist Church. Such images marks the movements do by the blacks to gain their rights and the aggressive response of the etiolateds (Mertz, 2010). Through the Civil Rights Movement is said to have initiated during the 1950s, but its origins meshing back to the period when first Africans migrated to US. The base of the entire Civil Rights Movement was laid down by the fight for rights conducted by the early slaved African Americans. Body History During 1619, first ever slaves were transacted to America and the bondage of the blacks continued until Civil War broke out and the 1 3th Amendment was passed. Even after blacks gained their freedom, they were still not educated and had little or no ownership of property and were subjected to unequal treatment especially in the Southern region where the majority of the slave used to live. To solve the scenario and to help blacks adjust with the whites, several reforms were made during the 10 years period of 1865 and 1875, this ten year period was recognized as the Reconstruction era (McGuire, 2011). One of the major measures taken the government was the 14th and the 15th Amendment which provided the African Americans with the right to vote and to be considered as equal citizens of US. Drastic moves were made, but these moves and their effect existed for a truly short period of time. The white state in the South made every move to ensure that blacks do not lie with the newly rights given to them by the government. Blacks were subjected to harassing behavior, those who harassed them includes the KKK (Ku Klux Kla n). The KKK inflicted pain due to which the blacks were not able to exercise their newly awarded rights. The rights assigned to the blacks were already being violated and during this period, all the efforts of the blacks to gain their rights experienced a huge puff due to the Supreme Courts ruling in the case of Plessy vs. Ferguson case. The ruling stated that if the facilities provided to some(prenominal) the races are equal in nature, then the blacks and whites can divided legally (Anderson, 1986). The problem was that the black population never have sexed equal rights and the decision of the court provided the whites with the power of being an obstacle in letting the blacks enjoy their basic rights. The power of the whites led to the creation of Jim Crow laws, according to these laws different everyday properties were created for the blacks and whites, these properties include public schools, parks, restaurants and vehicles. Due to these laws and the division of public proper ty, black Americans stood against the strategies of the government that were unequal and unjust in nature. A very prominent figure who stood up against these acts of discrimination was W.E.B Du Bois. This figure urged the black Americans to stand up for their rights and this followed the creation of NAACP

The Holocaust Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Holocaust - Research writing ExampleThe state of Germany led by Adolf Hitler killed six million individual from the Jews community between1933 to 1945. Since the Holocaust years, it is 50 years down the line but relevant questions are still beingness asked by non only the Jews community but also the international communities across the globe. How could a modern state slabber out the planned murder of a whole people just because they were Jews? (Rossel, 12). It is also a sad issue since the whole world watched, as six million innocent souls were murdered in unheated blood. In addition, it is even hard to find an individual who can give an explanation of what really happened? In spite of having the survivors of the holocaust, by then they were children. Giving an ear to them to explain is like history in pieces. moreover as time goes by historians give clear description of the Holocaust. It is indeed strange to hear politicians and professors reports claiming that at that place is nothing like years of Holocaust. On the former(a) hand, the social scientist can claim that sacrifice by blood is ridiculers thing, since it impossible to encounter a group of individuals who can do such an act in such a long period. Furthermore, the politicians may claim that Holocaust story was told by the Jews community, as a plot or for evil reasons. ... Weiss describes that the writing of Luther as more obscene than even Hitlers Mein Kampf A unique brand of the fascisms in Germany was as a result of the waiving out of the nationalism which was peculiar as it was introduced in Germany that came with the revolutions, capitalism with enlighten and the 20th Century war that were fused together. In addition, it is still disputable to explain the extent at which the Holocaust covered, but studies that have been done locally show that the Germaines were attracted to the anti-Semitism since they were drawn to be part of the Nazism but not the anti-Nazism. It is therefore obvi ous that the anti-Semitists cause was in the Holocaust. However, the anti-Semitists in Germany resulted to different situations as well as having unique outcome compared to the anti-Semitist in other countries with the same characteristics, Christianity was at bay. Between years 1933 to 1945 there was a assiduity camp since the beginning, they were founded with an aim of retention political prisoners and they were later used to hold the asocial. However, there were high death rates that were preserve with 50 percent rate of the mortality rate which were not meant to be or be centers of killings. term 1942 was approaching Germany had 6 extermination camps and they were large in size. There was a difference in the concentration camps since individuals who were sent in the 6 camps were killed. The camps continuously became a site where the Jews and the POWs were brought to their death dates. A part from being killed they were forced to be slaves, laborers, torture and were as well undernourished. In addition, German went ahead and established 15,000 more camps in countries where they had occupied such as

Important cultural meaning of bad men Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Important ethnical meaning of bad men - Essay Exampleld the cultural values and have given prime importance to music in the form of folk tales, jokes, songs and so forth in their daily routines and used for work, play, communicating, even when they are in happy or in sad mood.2 They created the animal characters in the form of tricksters.3 This has been the source of inspiration to the masses.The African Americans considered the trickster, such as railroad Bill, the heroic figure who had the ability to influence their lives and have strived hard to flout the whites and bring in the reformation. The chronic lived bad men were Stagolee who conflicted with Billy Delyon which symbolizes the fight of black mans struggle for equality with whites.5 despite of the injustices, the traditional practices were strictly followed by the superhuman figures, such as John Henry, banjo player, who had a beautiful barytone voice, and was the strongest, fastest, most right man working on the rails a s a steel driver. 6Shine who was a Stoker in the ship had the ability to save the lives of hundreds from the sunken Titanic and to oppose the powerful opponents. 7There were super heroes who emerged victorious in the racial advancement. Jack Jackson worked hard to slang the existence in the boxing world and became the first black heavy weight champion. 8 On the other hand, Joe Louis became a popular figure in boxing and was able to surpass the color discrimination. This behavior the integration of race was reformed by the sporting world. 9It was rightly said by Lawrence Levine, In the twentieth century the pantheon of heroes became more varied and versatile, reflecting the greater diversity and heterogeneity that were the fruits of freedom, mobility and urbanization. 10Levine, Lawrence W. Black goal & Black Consciousness, Books.google.co.in. Web.

Design of an Enterprise Level Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Design of an Enterprise Level Business - Essay archetypeAn Enterprises need for tighter financial controls1, more consistent info2, support for streamlined sourcing and procurement processes3, a single data source for product or services data4, support for closed-loop sales and operations planning processes5, portfolio approach6 collectively points to the necessity of a softwargon system named Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). Its a comprehensive system open(a) of breaking down barriers between departments within an enterprise and brings together various pockets such as sales, production, finance, benevolent resources, purchasing and shipping - to unify access to the up-to-date information to produce a consistent, single adjustment of the truth onTalking simply about organisation and its processes isnt fellow feeling them. To get a deeper understanding of the processes, one needs the right information for capturing process detail. Its in the heads of the people who, day in a nd out, are living the process (Ben B Graham, 2004). This is where Ben Graham process mapping methods steals the picture. The symbols used call attention to value-added add, non-value-added work, work inspections (controls), movement of work from one location to another and delays (when nothing is happening). No other mapping proficiency declare oneselfs such a transparency, decision making support and support for analysis that is provided by Ben Graham lick Map. Another such is the IDEF methodology (Integrated DEFinition language). It frees the process from arguing about process modelling taxonomies. IDEF cortege provides functional, information, data, process, object oriented and ontology modelling to map business processes. The BPMN (Business Process Modelling Notation) provides a set of graphic elements, Swimlanes is most popular among them, which facilitates the developers in implementing the technology that will perform those processes. For a close comparison, Graham stan ds taller than the succour (See figure 1).Documenting the design requires a right tool. It should provide clarity without being overly simplistic and provide detail without clutter. There are a lot of springcharting tools which provide symbol sets but unless its wrapped in a methodology, its of no use. The Process Developer Enterprise Edition is a mapping tool for internal activity, flowchart mapping and chronicle control. It helps an organization to meet ISO 90002000 standards.Another very useful tool is the FlowBreeze Flowchart Software. It is 100% MS attitude integrated tool for making flow charts faster and easier. It lets you just type the text and converts it into flowchart shapes, adds flow lines, and formats the drawing. It is in accordance with Sarbanes Oxley. The Stylus Studio XML Enterprise Edition is another mapping tool with IDE features, XML Editing, Debugging, Testing,Graham vs IDEF vs BPMNFeaturesGIBDisplays All the Items that are involved in the process / detail edShows step by step processing at the task level- the work people doShows processing at a function level Shows relationships between itemsShows multiple related flowsDisplays single-line flowIdentifies WHO

Cases in the american constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cases in the american constitution - Essay ExampleBeing unable to dupe the appointed offices without the commission documents, Marbury and three others petitioned the motor hotel to force Madison to deliver the commission to Marbury. The sovereign woo denied Marburys petition, holding that the statute upon which he based his claim was unconstitutional.Irons (1999) wrote, in a style equal for non-lawyers, of special recreate to social activists and and critical race theory, as well as how issues of race rich person been shaped by, and in turn shaped, major decisions of the Supreme salute.1 Irons provided the case by adding to the human interest factor making it entertaining (and sometimes emotionally wrenching) and educational. In his first section To Establish a More Perfect Union, he wrote about the background in the framing of the constitution and the origins of the Supreme Court while in the next section, It Is a Constitution We Are Expounding, Irons wrote about the separat ion of powers and the Supreme Courts jurisdiction evolved discussing Marbury vs. Madison.Irons (1999) narrated how the Court rendered a unanimous (4-0) decision stating that Marbury had the even off to his commission but the judicial system did not have the power to force Madison to deliver the commission, on February 24, 1803. Chief Justice marshall wrote the opinion of the court. Marshall presented the case as raising three distinct questions (1) Did Marbury have a right to the commission? (2) Do the laws of the country give Marbury a legal remedy? (3) Is asking the Supreme Court for a writ of mandamus the correct legal remedy?Marshall quickly answered the first two questions affirmatively. He found that the failure to deliver the commission was violative of a vested legal right. In decision making whether Marbury had a remedy, Marshall stated The government of the United States has been emphatically termed a government of laws and not of men. It allow certainly cease to des erve this high

Artefacts (Idenitifying Materials) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Artefacts (Idenitifying Materials) - Essay ExampleQuality assertion plays an active role in materials testing. Quality assurance carries reveal calibration test and manufactu bunch test. Calibration test is carried away to determine the work cogency of the bar properties. Manufacturing test is carried out to determine the adherence to standardization. Some of the tests through which plan materials are subjected to can be categorized as follows Mechanical test These tests are carried out on the engineering materials to determine their strength, elastic constants, material properties and act properties. Mechanical test involves testing the test specimen. The test specimen is withstanded through the breaking of the original test materials. Tensional test These are quasi-static test carried out on the engineering materials to determine the properties of these materials. This test is carried out by exposing the sample material to uniaxial loading conditions. Hardness test The resi stances to penetration by most engineering materials are determined by ambitiousness test. Hardness test is carried out using three divers(prenominal) methods that are scratch test, rebound test, indentation test. Scratch test involves progressive scratching of a hard material. Rebound test involves the ability to determine the material resilience. Material resilience is determined by measuring the potential energy of the material. Indentation test involves production of a permanent impression on the go forth of the materials. The size and the force of the impression determine the material rigor. Hardness test can further be categorized as macro hardness test or micro hardness test. The macro hardness test includes Brinell, Vickers and Rockwell tests. Micro hardness test includes Knoop and Tukon test. Torsion test This is a test that is carried out to obtain the stress- signifier relationship for the metal. Torsion test is able to generate both the shear stress and shear strain of the material. Impact test This test is conducted to determine the static properties and the mechanical behavior of the engineering material. Heat sermon and the stress concentrations of the material are carried out under impact test. When the drill (Osaki CD 1202 12V) was stripped down, the succeeding(a) material components were identified Polystyrene polymer Polystyrene is a vinyl group polymer structurally made up of very long hydrocarbon chain. The polystyrene polymer has a phenyl group attached to its carbon atom. This polymer is hard and it is a clear plastic. Polystyrene is made from free radical vinyl polymerization of the monomer styrene. This polymer is hard and it is used for making of the drill handle. Due to its hard nature, it is able to withstand a lot of heat. Nylon This is a thermoplastic polymer which is used as a fiber. Nylons are made from diacid chlorides and the diamines.One of the nylon polymer that is nylon 6, 6 is produced from the combination of two mo nomers. The two monomers are adipoyl chloride and hexamethylene diamine. Another form of nylon is the nylon 6. Nylon 6 is made from a ring opening polymerization. These nylons are used in making the casing for the ball bearing. It is preferred because of its ability to be fabricated into any shape. Diamond This is the hardest engineering material. They are gem-quality carbon crystals. They are highly deflective crystalline carbon types and are used in abrasives, cutting tools and drilling operations. They have slight impurities in their structures, but they are

Paintings - Amalgam of Emotions and Cultures Essay

Paintings - Amalgam of Emotions and Cultures - Essay ExampleThe paper Paintings - Amalgam of Emotions and Cultures allow for focus on how the maneuver of paintings has been viewed in two different cultures namely the African culture and the Asiatic culture by throwing lightly on the flutter fine cunning and paintings that was practiced by the Asian and the African people. The painting media followed in two the cultures will also be discussed. African paintings first emerged as those that still appear on shudder and in caves. The African paintings were discovered in Nambia and are thought to be approximately 27,000 years old. (Plessis). In addition, there were nearly 30,000 rock paintings scattered throughout the Drakensberg Mountain in South Africa. (Plessis). thence these aesthetic medium was used by the ancient Africans to convey certain types of information, depict the day to day activities, to think to certain key events and importantly to communicate with the spirits of the ancestors. Thus in this manner the rock art was used a vital link between the physical and the spiritual worlds. On the other hand, the Asian Paintings encompasses a wide array of paintings and sculptures from different parts of Asia. Thus each geographical area has certain their unique style of expression, painting styles and methods, techniques, etc. They were the blend of various cultures and traditions. The Asian paintings reflect influences from different religions and cultures.The Chinese paintings are considered to be one of the oldest paintings among the Asian paintings. The Japanese paintings are known for their varied styles. The themes of historical substance and the Buddhist themes are portrayed in the Korean paintings. The Indian paintings on the lines of African paintings originated from the caves and they date to the pre-historic period. Thus all form of the Asian cultures has their unique style and history. With this brief introduction about the Asian and t he African paintings, the next concept about the views of the rock art and paintings in the Asian and the African culture will be discussed. Rock art was a common way of expressing emotions among the ancient Africans. Thus it has been estimated that Africa has more shape of Rock art sites than any other continent and they are widely distributed. (Plessis). Archeological reports reveal the particular that in most parts of the African continent namely Zambia, Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa has the densest concentration of the rock art. The surface area has both the rock engravings (Petroglyphs) and rock paintings (Pictographs).(African Rock art and Painting). Especially the South African rock art encompasses the rock paintings of the hunters-gatherers, farming communities, etc. On the other hand the Asian rock art was considered to be the mixtures of aesthetics which reveals the events and philosophy of the past. Thus in the evolution of mankind from the Homo erectus to the Ho mo sapiens, these Asian rock art depicts the images of the early man. The Asian rock art unlike the African art started 40,000 years past during the upper Paleolithic era. The custom of rock art also followed in the Mesolithic age and it gained its closing development in the Chalcolithic era. Among the Asian rock art paintings, the Indian Rock art are considered to be the most ancient and significant since they reflect the development of the Indian civilizations of Indus and

Managerial Decision Making Bachelor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managerial Decision Making Bachelor - Essay voiceThe focus will be on the need for heart sorrow specialist nurses in the corporation and how they can improve health care in the UK.The 80-year-old female patient I have chosen to discuss here appears to fit the overall criteria for the above battlefield, which was mainly focused on previously hospitalized patients with interventions through specialist heart failure services in the residential district. My client was diagnosed with heart failure two eld ago and had one additional admission to hospital about one year ago for exacerbation of her heart failure. She felt she had not been given adequate information on her condition. She was referred to community heart failure nurses for education, management and titration of Carvedilol 6.25mg bd. Other heart failure medication prescribed included furosemide 80mg mane, spironolactone 25mg mane and ramipril 5mg bd. The spironolactone was stopped due to increased potassium, urea and c reatnine, a decision based on the RALES study (2003). After another admission for chest infection, she was discharged without furosemide, and I was assigned as a community heart failure nurse. She was concerned about having her furosemide discontinued, and it was recommenced after I contacted the physician. The client feels more assure knowing she has someone to contact rather than bothering her doctor, and we have developed a good rapport. I am working with her on pharmacology issues, making sure she is responding well to her medications as well as fetching the right medications.Heart Failure - Major Health ProblemHeart failure has continued to be an escalating public health problem. Chronic heart failure is the syndrome of breathlessness, fatigue and fluid retention resulting in impaired ability of the heart to pump primly (Sanderson, 1994, par. 1), often following a heart attack. By the revoke of the 1990s, 5% of all medical admissions to hospital in UK were related to chron ic, or congestive, heart failure (Bosson, 1997). The division of Health considers it a major concern because there is no cure at present. It therefore has a dramatic effect on the quality of life, and if not properly managed in the community it can alike place very heavy pressures on hospital beds through emergency admissions and re-admissions (DOH, 2003). Local GPs in a 2005 clinical audit who had access to a specialist CHF nurse considered the service far more alpha than did the GPs without a specialist nurse. Even with the existence of guidelines, the treatment for heart failure in UK continues to be suboptimal, a concern which makes the specialist CHF nurse increasingly valuable (Leslie, 2005).The 80-year-old female client whose care I am monitoring no doubt will find herself increasingly dependent on others, and if she doesnt have proper treatment her quality of life will be greatly diminished. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether this lineament of care in the community not only will lessen the need for hospital convict care but ultimately will

M4 Differentiated, Learner-Centered Professional Development Essay

M4 Differentiated, Learner-Centered pro Development - Essay poserThere leave be a survey that will be carried out at the stopping point of the workshop to evaluate the workshop and to give suggestions for future workshops. There will also be an probability within the survey questionnaire for grading certain aspects of the institution in terms of teaching using the inclination Forward and the Morzanos Nine steps. Participants are encouraged to be as honest as possible in their feedback to allow for accurate analysis and note that all the questionnaires shall remain anonymous for the sake of confidentiality.The professional phylogenesis session will deal with both teachers and students. School administrators by the very nature of their work will also leave to collaborate with the teachers and the students in terms of facilitating the means by which feedback is received and analyzed. This is the best do for making changes and it is the best guide to decision making at all level s whether it is in the classroom or in the boardroom. Data based needs of new teachers can be slightly different from those who have been in the profession in the past because change is dynamic in all fields with the changing work environment, which is influenced by change and technological advances. This has brought differentiation. It is pertinent to note that the teaching profession has many stakeholders with the major two stakeholders being the teacher and the student.The session will be borrowing heavily form Professional developments for professional learning, which is a leader in the area of individual teacher effectiveness. This is an effective and great climb up to professional learning, which will translate to better student learning, as it seeks to improve the individual performance of teachers. The ideal concept is core to the majority of national education systems and their effectiveness, as this type of strategic approach puts singular stress on aligning professio nal development with teacher

Case Study on Aldi Supermarket Stores in Australia

On Aldi Supermarket Stores in Australia - Case Study ExampleThe mission of this supermarket chain is to provide superior quality products to customers at intimately low prices. In 1990s the company has expanded its operations in Australia through opening a couple of(prenominal) retail stores. Woolworths and Coles have dominated Australian retail market over the years. Aldi has posed a holy terror for these retail firms by offering wide array of products at low market price. However in that location are challenges witnessed by Aldi since 60% of grocery market share is owned by Woolworths and Coles. Australians prefer to grass from Aldi but the company would require time to gain competitive advantage in retail sector. In this study, micro and macro environmental factors affecting business operations of Aldi Australia shall be identified, followed by an evaluation on their current marketing strategies. Marketing mix elements would also be redesigned in later part of the study, so a s to add value to Aldis operations.The first most important micro environment expressive style is competitors. Strategic advantage could be gained by firms only through positioning their products or services closely against that of competitors. Aldi Stores, Australia needs to be proactive by nature rather than reactive. Competitors are an important micro-environmental trend because it decides upon authorisation of business strategies. For instance, Australian retail industry is dominated by two large players Woolworths and Coles. Aldi Australia tidy sum be successful over longer period of time if the company is able to analyze strategies of its competitors and undertake proactive measures (ALDI, 2015). The competitive trend is a threat for the firm. This is because any innovative strategy designed by competitors can acquire market share of Aldi Stores in Australia. Competitors as a micro trend is important compared to another(prenominal) trends since it cannot be controlled ef ficiently by the firm.Customers can be considered as the second micro-environmental trend. In case of Aldi Australia,

Distributed Database Management Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Distributed Database Management Systems - Essay ExampleIn this case, users work with a subset of information that is on their workstation. Further, there is improved entropy processing due to multiple processes running at incompatible sites. It also supports the addition of new sites while standard routines run on the other sites. Eventually, the cost of execution is significantly reduced since it is more costly to have a new mainframe system than mediocre adding a user terminal (Baldoni, 2006). It has significantly cut down on cases of failures at individual points since the same work is available in other centers.The decentralized database is vital with hardw are getting cheaper As a result, these systems are more efficient and faster. The many processes in the institutions will handle their individual volumes of data which are real huge (Yu & Jajodia, 2007). If such data is by one central database, chances of failure are very high. Thus, the decentralized database will add ress the issue of database failure and bringing the activities to a halt. It further ensures the integrity of data is in place with each unit responsible for its data. Further, their overall functionality and speed of processing could be significantly

International Business Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International Business Questions - Essay ExampleThis means that the grocery storeing and management, amongst various others, strategies they deploy get across regional and topical anesthetic markets and not the global one per se. Within the context of the stated, and as affirmed by Stevens and Bird (2004) multinational firms perceive of the global market as a series of interconnected topical anesthetic and regional markets and, hence, pursue strategies which are consistent with this perspective. Hence, despite their popularly being referred to as multinational, global firms justifiably pursue inherently regional strategies.The pursuit of regional vs. global strategies is partially determined by the imperatives of balance between globalisation and localisation. There are intense, contradictory pressures on multinational enterprises to integrate across borders as well as to respond to local pressures that means, to pursue local strategies which make out the domestic/local market and global strategies which target the international market. Indeed, were multinational firms to eschew the imperatives of adaptation to the local market and the design of strategies which address its characteristics, they would probably be perceived of as an alien entrant into the market, thereby arousing consumer resistance (Reed, 1997 Rugman, 2001). Were they, how eer, to pursue local/domestic or regional strategies, they would be perceived of as part of the market in question, thereby offsetting the potential for consumer resistance. In other words, and as Rugman (2001) emphasises, the success of multinational firms is partially predicated on market perceptions of them as belonging to and understanding of the market in question, entailing the design of strategies which are consistent with the micro-environment. International strategies are spotty with the very notion of the micro-environment while regional strategies are (Roth and Morrison, 1990 Rugman, 2001). It is for this re ason that multinational firms adhere to regional, as strange to international strategies. It is important to emphasise that corporations are embracing the basic principles of globalization, as evidenced by ever increasing cross-border trade and the widening grip of MNEs on international business. It is doing so, however, within the context of regionalization. Trade laws and ecstasy for globalisation aside, the fact is that while markets are interconnected, there is no international homogeneousness of consumer tastes and market characteristics. Safarian (2003), argumentation for market interconnectedness but against homogeneity, maintains that the reality of globalisation is pockets of globalisation. This means that globalisation, as in market homogeneity and interconnectedness, is only valid and present on the regional level. There is no such homogeneity, although there is interconnectedness, on the global/international level. The implication here is, as may be inferred from sev eral scholars, is that there is just no basis for the formulation and implementation of global market and marketing strategies. The global market, as in the homogeneous and interconnected one, simply does not exist (Sheth, 2001 Safarian, 2003 Rugman, 2005 Dicken, 2007). From this perspective, therefore, firms cannot pursue international/global strategies and, indeed, have no choice but to adhere to regional ones within the contex

Social Work Compentcies PowerPoint Presentation

Social Work Compentcies - PowerPoint Presentation ExampleTherefore preferably than pathologise her connections in the lives of her family members, I choose to treat this as culturally normal and help her figure pop ways to establish some boundaries. This shows what I do in my work with clients that I think is delineated in the image that I throw away included here in my portfolio.This video represents an ethical dilemma. During my practicum amaze I am often faced with an ethical dilemma. I watched this video and they suggested several strategies that I have implemented in my agency when I face an ethical dilemma. I used the steps recommended in the video to address several ethical dilemmas. I became aware that a client has selling his sustenance stamps. This is a violation of the agency policy. The client sold these food stamps to get money to buy coughing syrup for her daughter who had a severe cough. I realized that although this seemed like a legitimate shoot for money, the food stamp policy is clear, that food stamps are not to be sold. I followed the steps in this video to think about what should be my action steps.Literacy is an important aspect in the community. It would be well(p) to identify the literacy needs in that community. The needs are assessed and evaluated to know which would be the best method to be used to educate the community. The above image inspired me to involve all the participants during the meetings we held.The above image shows that the military psychenel is the way it is because of the presence of diversity. In my practicum experience, I noticed that there were different patients who had different need and hence needed to be treated differently. Recognition of cultural diversity entails respecting the differences of people in the confederacy. Each persons beliefs and lifestyles are respected while having an understanding and support of the differences. Embracing culture in the society is important in enhancing cultural structure in the society. I was able to

Breastfeeding moms college graduation by Lisa Flam Essay

Breastfeeding moms college graduation by Lisa Flam - Essay ExampleOne hereby asserts that the display of reading that the article exposed was inappropriate for the venue and situation. Initially, the author presented the point of view of Thurman who argued that she had no inclination that bank bill the film would generate such a controversial stir. Thurman was acknowledged to have decided to post the photo in a Facebook page, Black Women Do Breastfeed, to holistically support another woman who was noted to be a recipient of dirty looks while she apparently breastfed in public. In her honest reaction, she was disclosed to indicate that she believed breastfeeding is indwelling and that there is nothing wrong, even if the nursing is done in public. In addition, some of her classmates, who attended the may 22 graduation ceremony was reported to have quipped that the act was cool and some even commended her for promoting breastfeeding. Flam indicated in the article that the public di splay came at an opportune time when the promotion was most needed. Citing a pediatrician, Dr. Lori Feldman-Winter, from make University Hospital, black women were reported to have the lowest breastfeeding rates among women of ethnic origin (Flam). Concurrently, although there were comments relaying support for breastfeeding, accompanying reactions from those who encountered the post were noted to have signified negative comments. For those who had opposing views regarding breastfeeding in public. For those who had opposing views regarding breastfeeding in the public.

Rhetorical analysis of Obama's speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rhetorical analysis of Obamas speech - Essay subjectIn this speech, Obama seeks to inform the audience on the 23 Executive Orders that he designed to accost torpedo domination and artillery unit military unit in America. Obama every bit seeks to convince the audience on the need to address grinder control and gun violence in America as well as take them to come after with the 23 Executive Orders that he designed. To achieve this, Obama relies on various rhetorical strategies.Notably, Obama uses different ethos, logos, and commiseration to persuade the audience to address gun control and gun violence in America and comply with the 23 Executive Orders that he designed. Obama uses repetition where he replicates words and phrases to make a point. He uses the phrases permits do the right thing and We will to associate the audience with the idea of address gun control and gun violence in America (Paulson 1). He uses repetition to confirm the need for cooperative effort in contr olling gun control and gun violence that persuades the audience to own the control measures. Obama uses an ethical appeal by convincing the audience on the credibility of various people addressing gun control and gun violence in America.As the President of America, Obama has authority to address this issue. He equally starts the speech by thanking and recognizing the efforts of Joe Biden who is the vice president of America in addressing gun control and gun violence in America (Paulson 1). This convinces the audience to adopt the recommended findings. Obama informs the audience that he tasked Joe Biden and his cabinet to propose mechanisms of controlling the effects of gun violence. Obama persuades the audience by asserting that he will rely and use the presidency powers to give the proposals of Joes task force (Paulson 1). He also presents the credibility of Todd Jones to head the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms by support that he has been acting on this

Cafe Bijoux Essay Example for Free

Cafe Bijoux EssayQ 1) What is the current positioning strategy? Is it working? Why or why not? Positioning strategy helps a company in creating its identity and its products/service it provides (Anderson, 2011). Caf Bijoux offers a relatively belittled price for a cup of soup and a sandwich, while offering bouncing and tasty meals to their targeted trade ( in the first place workers at the City Hall). To keep the cost low, the management did not printed a plug-in instead it was written on a chalkboard and was updated daily. In addition, the condiments were handed out to the guests as they picked up their orders. Business operations were from 10 am till 3 pm, mainly attracting customers from local surrounding subscriber line for lunch, specializing in homemade soup, fresh sandwiches, and salads. The positioning strategy was not successful mainly receivable to an ill-defined vision. Even though it attracted a niche market it was a great strategy of offering good foods, how ever it was not implemented powerfully. There were complaints on several(prenominal) occasions that the restaurant could not be placed, the mangers were awargon about the conflict, but were unable to resolve it out-of-pocket to lack of financial abilities.Furthermore, the restaurant was located beside a parking garage, which was used by the city hall employees and other public offices employees. The average arriver time for these employees was between 730 830 am and they leave around 430 530 pm, while Furthermore, management has failed to identify a clear strategy for the business. No clear vision has been implemented due to the business dysfunctions in general.The caf, only opens five daylights a week, supplys to lunch specials, however, should be a breakfast and brunch getaway from the offices of many which hasnt been the case. In addition, due to the scheduling of the hours of operations many effectiveness customers argon missed due to the caf being closed in the mornin g and the evening, where many are entering and leaving the parking garage, which is directly in front of the Cafe. These potential customers are usually in need of an early morning bagel and coffee before unchangeable a long day of work.Nevertheless, the majority of customers are very satisfied with the amount of serving on with the quality of their meal as well as the price paid. The strategy of being a low priced high value added has seen problems due to lack of customers which is affecting the bottom line drastically. This inevitable circumstance has chuck a hold on operations and started an investigation upon various neighboring competitors and their own strategies. Overall, the strategy is effective but not effectively used, which considers areas of error that include, a visible colorful sign, extended hours of operations, increased advertising, a stable menu, a catering opportunity, and a real caf look which can distinguish itself from the rest of its competitors.Q 2) What are the key reasons for the depressing sales and profits? Some of the key reasons for the dismal profits are primarily due to lack of control, and inexperience from both Julie and Mary, the co-owners and managers of Caf Bijoux. The reasoning behind this claim is that a business that is not seen profitable is usually not. In addition, a real restaurant sign is not up and visible. A sign is a major gateway to success in a busy congested market which sees more than eleven businesses surrounding a one km radius.However, Julie and Mary have been awaiting the funds to disgorge up a sign, which has seen negative results due to lack of customers. The lack of customers stems from a poor business exemplification that is implemented correctly. The Business model consists of healthy fresh foods with a low price. This definitely targets the right crowd, at the wrong time, literally. Scheduling of hours of operations are tremendously hurting the business, by opening at 10am and shutdown at 3pm. The major activity is lost from the morning peak of breakfast through to its late afternoon lunch/dinner slot. The mismanagement of hours of operations is costing the business a lot of money, and get out breed to due to the environment that it does business in. Advertising and Marketing have also taken the back topographic point due to lack of funds, this is hurting the business and is definitely taking away from it.The current business model, which entails a fresh and healthy living, does target many individuals in the current area such as, residential and other various offices. Furthermore, no take-out orders or catering initiatives have been implemented to increase awareness or capability. In addition, a fixed menu has not been created that should list the most favored items along with their prices. Losing out on this chance is another businesses gain, by not creating and distributing menus or listing the menu on an online website is a no brainer. This can be very cost effec tive considering mass production, as well as a withdraw website that advertises small business ventures within the area. The break-even point is not even reached, so these negative figures are falling along with the co-owners.Q 3) Is there a way to improve the restaurants performance? If so, how? There are several ways to improve the restaurants performance within this saturated market. Firstly, the restaurant must clearly identify who it should cater to and how, this can be upon observations from past and present customers. However, a colorful vibrant sign must be created and implemented in order to be seen by pedestrian and vehicle traffic. In addition, a metre re-opening event should be created in order to re-introduce the caf.Caf music, colorful balloons, and free coffee should make for a great day of reintroducing the business to many customers. In addition, a website should be created with a menu that has items and associated prices in order to satisfy the needs of its many working office customers in the area, a group deductive reasoning rate can also be implemented in order to develop a customer relationship management model. This can be done inexpensively, and can reach many individuals through mail, email, and/or drop offs.In addition, a strategy that has come back to life has been the couponing industry, which sees large websites such as Groupon, caters to a wide array of businesses in their respective areas. Groupon creates an ad which is delivered to many depending on their neighborhoods and preferences. The deal of the day may contain a sandwich, soup and salad combo with a special introductory price that will appeal to the average person who is healthy conscience. The couponing industry has suddenly reentered the market with a bang due to the boom of social networking.This will definitely increase potential customers, as many individuals have been increasingly adapting to the social websites, which is a new trend. In order to attract as many people as possible by this form of couponing, there must be a special incentive that would find out their attention, in order to literally bring them into the caf, maybe a promotion for a cup of free coffee for a specific day such as Monday. Reentering a current market may be difficult, however, with the right plans, it may be viable.

Pride and Prejudice Essay Example for Free

Pride and preconceived idea EssayWhen prejudice occurs, stereotyping and discrimination may as well result. In many cases, prejudices are based upon stereotypes. A stereotype is a simplified assumption about a group based on previous assumptions. Stereotypes rout out be both positive (women are warm and nurturing) or negative (teenagers are lazy). Stereotypes can lead to faulty beliefs, but they can similarly result in both prejudice and discrimination. jibe to psychologist Gordon Allport, prejudice and stereo types emerge in part as a result of normal clement thinking.In ordering to make sense of the world around us, it is important to kind information into moral categories. The human mind must think with the aid of categories, Allport explained. Once formed, categories are the basis for normal prejudgment. We cannot by chance avoid this process. Orderly living depends upon it. This process of categorization applies to the social world as well, as we sort people int o mental groups based on factors such as age, sex and race.However, researchers have found that piece when it comes to categorizing information about people, we tend to minimize the differences between people within groups and exaggerate the differences between groups. In one classic experiment, participants were asked to judge the eyeshade of people shown in photographs. People in the experiment were also told that In this booklet, the men and women are actually of equal height. We have taken care to match the heights of the men and women pictured.That is, for every woman of a particular height, somewhere in the booklet there is also a man of that same height. Therefore, in order to make as accurate a height judgment as possible, try to judge each photograph as an individual case do not rely on the persons sex. In addition to these instructions, a $50 cash prize was offered to whoever make the most accurate judgments of height. Despite this, participants consistently rated the men as being a few inches taller than the women.Because of their prejudgment that men are taller than women, the participants were unable to dismiss their existing categorical beliefs about men and women in order to judge the heights accurately. Researchers have also found that people tend to view parts of outside groups as being more homogenous than members of their own group, a phenomenon referred to as the out-group homogeneity bias. This perception that all member of an out-group are alike holds true of all groups, whether based on race, nationality, religion, age or other naturally occurring group affiliation.

Beethoven Pastoral Symphony Essay Example for Free

van van van van Beethoven unpolished unison EssayBeethoven was star of the pivotal composers that helped subscriber line evolve from the Classical stage into the age of Romanticism. When discussing Beethovens success in classical compositions, his symphonies are at the forefront of nearly if non every conversation. However, even within the topic of his symphonies, some are natur bothy highlighted much than former(a)s. For example, aneness could reproduce the melody from either the opening sweat of the Fifth or the finale of the Ninth and a majority of people would be able to recognize them. spell these two flora were revolutionary in the progression of symphonious music, they were not the only ones to have played consequential roles in this sense. Beethovens Pastoral Symphony is a pivotal work in the expansion of music with programmatic char deederistics. However, this symphony is one that s ways between the realms of absolute and program music, for it disregard be identified with both categories of symphonic music. While it is exceedingly unlikely that Beethoven viewed this composition as a truly programmatic gentleman, the Sixth Symphony has played an important role in the development of the symphony as a genre and influenced rising composers of program music as well.In order to discuss the signifi ignorece of the Pastoral Symphony, one must first exuviate light on the difference of program music from that of absolute music. Author R. W. S. Mendl stilboestrolcribes absolute music as being that which gives us pleasure by the sheer delight in sound patterns without having any emotional, pictorial, or literary references and claims that music with programmatic content attempts to represent scenes, objects, or events which exist a take time off from music. It is hard to gauge the come of programmatic works prior to the Pastoral Symphony, simply due to the position that the term program music was not utilize as a defining category of m usic at the time of their release. An estimated eighth of all symphonic works that were presented before Beethovens Sixth Symphony were serene with the intent of exactance particular images or scenes. It would seem that with such a small percentage of varying works that were composed to nab programmatic thoughts, labeling these works with a universal genre proved to be somewhat difficult.With the expansion of this modality of writing, naturally the encompassing term program music would become associated with such pieces. Around the time of Beethovens composing, music was undergoing a shift from the Classical period into an age of Romanticism. Compositions were expanding in numerous ways regarding form, orchestration, and harmonies that were being implemented. Beethoven has been plowed the innovator who broke by dint of the lim soulfulnessations of Classicism without abandoning them. This is truly evident through his symphonic writing. While on the cusp of the Romantic era, i t became evident to him that the stature of absolute music was on the rise. Lewis Lockwood states that from a compositional aspect, Beethoven visited down upon program music for its seemingly shallow means of actual sounds and privation of originality. In response to this rising style of music, he composed the Pastoral Symphony with the intent of confluence illustrative ideas of programmatic music with the structure of absolute music.Beethoven successfully achieved a blend of programmatic and absolute ideas with this symphony, in order to create an overall bucolic feeling of record sort of than outline any particular proposition image. While the symphony and its five driveways are labeled with titles that were created by Beethoven himself, he believed that the overall pastoral idea of this work could be perceived by the audience without a description that would usually be necessary with a complete program piece. It is this idea that helped Beethoven create the title as it ca n be viewed on early sketches, Pastoral Symphony or Memories of Country Life More the reflectivity of Feeling than Tone-Painting. It would appear that Beethoven intended to create a general mood that expresses the idea of temper rather than rely on specific images or one precise story to achieve this. scorn Beethovens general feelings towards program music and his conscious efforts to claim that the Sixth Symphony was more a collection of overall feelings rather than an attempt at creating one specific image, this piece is neither absolute or programmatic music but a blend of the two styles.The first point in this argument would be the fact that Beethoven attached titles to each of the five movements within this symphony that depict certain scenes associated with pastoral ideas. The headings for the movements are as follow Pleasant feelings which are awakened in worldly concern on arrival in the uncouth, Scene by the sustain, Joyful fellowship of country folk, Thunder and Sto rm, and Beneficent feeling after the storm united with thanks to the graven image. The mere fact that this symphony is the only one of his nine to contain subtitles attached to each movement that describe a scene of nature favors the thought of the symphony being more programmatic than absolute. However, if one were to look past the movement headings and take into consideration the content of the music, one would observe that the first two movements contain very little defined resource. From an analytical perspective of the form, the first half of the symphony is rather customary and resembles the absolute approach to music.These movements hold true(p) to the subheading for the symphony in regards to creating overall feelings rather than one precise painting or story. While there are compositional devices used to help convey the pastoral feeling within the first half of the symphony, it is not until the end of the second movement that Beethoven truly utilizes extra melodious associations to convey imagery. This andante movement authorise Scene by the brook ends with the flute, oboe, and clarinet engaged in a coda while imitating birdcalls. The composer himself labeled these three woodwind voices as a nightingale, a quail, and a cuckoo, respectively. These birdcalls have led to several(prenominal) debates, discussions, and even complete articles that attempt to analyze the true meaning of their existence in the piece. No matter how they are interpreted, one fact remains still.The birdcalls act as segues from the symphonic first half to the more programmatic portion of the piece. The second half of the Sixth Symphony ventures away from conventional symphonic composing techniques found in the first two movements and includes more programmatic material. A strong indication of programmatic material resides within the later half of the symphony, where Beethoven includes several pastoral elements to rise the musical imagery. The third movement consists of ex cited melodies in a compound-meter stylized scherzo representing country-dances. There are several points within this movement that have a drone in the bass that has been viewed as a painting of bagpipes, an instrument that was frequently associated with the representation of pastoral ideas.This jovial dance-like movement transitions into the fourth movement, which resembles a storm. The storm is distinctly an example of tone-painting with its explosive minor chords that represent thunder and lightning and the constant patter of rain in the thread lines. other significant feature added to the symphony that aids the pastoral image is the use of a ranz des vaches in the final movement. The ranz des vaches was an alpine horn call that herdsmen used to summon cattle. Author, David Wyn Jones notes in his view as that common features of ranz des vaches melodies are triadic motion, dotted 6/8 meterfrequent use of seemliness notes, all harmonized mainly by the tonic triad. While looki ng at the horn call that Beethoven uses within his symphony, one would notice that it meets all of the criteria that Jones listed.The imagery associated with the Pastoral Symphony depicts scenes from nature, which was a plain close to Beethovens heart. Through journal entries and letters, one can deduce Beethovens go to bed for nature. The following is a letter to Austrian musician and friend, Therese Malfatti in 1810 that depicts his feelings about the outdoors How well(predicate) you are to have been able to go to the country so early in the year non before the 8th shall I be able to enjoy this delight I look beforehand to it with childish anticipation. How glad I shall be to wander about amidst shrubs, forests, trees, herbs and rocks No man can love the country as I do. For it is forests, trees and rocks that provide men with the resonance they desire.Through this letter and several other firsthand records, one can clearly see Beethovens infatuation for the outdoors and the justifiable reason to compose a piece that commemorates this love. It makes sense that the first large-scale work that includes extensive amounts of imagery would reflect the thing that he admired most. Along with the simple beauty of nature, there were other factors that influenced Beethoven while writing his Sixth Symphony. The inclusion of nature and rustic ideas within music was not particular(prenominal) to composers prior to Beethoven. Pastoral subjects could be found in several theatrical presentations, opera houses, and intermezzo from the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries. One notable work that inspired the development of the Pastoral Symphony was an oratorio write by Franz Joseph Haydn, his teacher and mentor early on in his composing career. Haydns oratorio, The Seasons, had an impact on Beethoven while he wrote his Sixth Symphony.Haydn incorporates arpeggiated horn calls in the aria Der muntre Hirt that begin a sequence of spend scenes that will eventually le ad to the storm later in the oratorio. Similarly, Beethoven opens the fifth and final movement of his symphony with an arpeggiated melody in the French horns that subsequently signify the end of the storm that took place in the previous movement. Another example of musical quotation that Beethoven purposely incorporated is an oboe melody that has long been mute as a quotation from Bachs chorale Birch an, o Schnes Morgenlicht, from the second part of the Christmas Oratorio It is worth citeing that prior to Beethovens Pastoral Symphony, there had been other symphonic works to contain sections that resemble thunderstorms. Several commentaries on the Pastoral and its development discuss the 18th century German composer, Justin Heinrich Knecht and his piece entitled La Portrait musical de la nature.This work seems to contain similar programmatic ideas as that of Beethovens symphony, including a thunderstorm that interrupts the overall peaceful feeling of nature that resumes after the s torm. In addition to preceding compositions that influenced Beethovens literary works, there has been the suggestion for the possible influence from the literary writings of Scottish poet jam Thomson, mostly that of his well known poems collectively titled The Seasons. While there is no concrete evidence that Beethoven took inspiration from this poem, some scholars feel that the poem possibly had an underlying tack together on the outcome of the Pastoral Symphony. The text of the poem discusses nature, progressing through the four seasons starting with spring and closure with winter.The poem was translated to German in 1745 and served as a basis for Haydns oratorio that shares the same name. As discussed earlier, Beethoven drew inspiration from Haydns oratorio, so it would seem that he was in flat influenced from the poetry of James Thomson for this reason even if he had no connection to the actual literature itself. So far there have been factors that support both sides of the argument in trying to define the Pastoral Symphony as either a work of absolute music, or one depicting tone painting. The mere fact that the piece contains an appropriate amount of material that justifies both categories, one should agree that this work could be viewed as the perfect synthesis of the two sides of the symphonic spectrum.The next step in understanding the influence that the Pastoral Symphony had on future composers of both absolute and programmatic works would naturally be to look at the general reception of the premiere of this piece. The Sixth Symphony received its first public performance on December 22nd, 1808 along with Beethovens Fifth Symphony. Beethoven worked on these two symphonies simultaneously in the years leading up to this concert. At this time however, the symphonies were labeled glacial of what they are viewed as today, which gist that the Pastoral was written and performed as Beethovens fifth symphony, while the C-minor was viewed as his sixth. Ov er the run for of time it would seem as though the Fifth Symphony has overpowered the Pastoral in the minds of audience members.While this may be true to some extent today, at the time, critics were singing praises to this wonderful portrayal of nature through melody and harmony. A review of the score in the musical journal of the time, Allgemeine musikalishce Zeitung, was typical in saying such things as this work of Beethoven, wonderful, original, and full of life, which can be placed without hesitation as well his other masterworks When comparing it to other compositions that focused on imagery of programmatic material, one critic claimed that none of the musical paintings known until now can withstand comparison Overall, the piece was welcomed positively and viewed as a representation for composers who desired to use programmatic features.Some of the compositional styles that would soon develop through the Romantic period can trace influence from Beethovens Sixth Symphony. Whe n discussing compositions that drew inspiration from the Pastoral Symphony, one should mention Hector Berliozs programmatic work, Symphonie Fantastique. As a composer, Berlioz was an advocate for music with more programmatic tendencies and was viewed as a essential composer during his time. At one point in his career, Berlioz wrote critical reviews of Beethovens nine symphonies. When discussing the Sixth, he used descriptions such as, delightful phrases that greet you, like the perfumed morning breeze as well as swarms of chattering birds in flight With such joyous descriptions that Berlioz gave, it comes as no surprise that he would influence inspiration from this piece for his own writing. Author, Owen Jander views the second movement in Beethovens symphony entitled Scene by the Brook as an obvious point of departure for the Scene in the Meadows in Berliozs Symphonie Fantastique.As mentioned earlier, Beethovens second movement has been the topic of several discussions concerning the Sixth Symphony, specifically, the imitation of birdcalls that can be found at the close of the movement. Jander believes the calls to symbolize Beethovens acceptance of his development deafness and his own fate. If one is to agree with this interpretation, then the connection to Berliozs Symphonie Fantastique becomes one that is easy to accept. Berliozs third movement, entitled Scene in the Meadows opens with the English horn and the oboe representing two shepherds that are occupational group to one another. At the end of the movement, one of the shepherds return once more but is not joined by the other, but is instead replaced by the distant roll of thunder heard in the timpani. Those old(prenominal) with the piece and its program know that the concluding two movements that follow represent a personal sinning and damnation for the protagonist. The connection between both that of Beethovens and Berliozs works would be the idea that both composers are aware of their own fate a nd accept it through the illustration of music.Another composer that was potentially influenced by the Pastoral Symphony was that of the German opera composer, Richard Wagner. As just discussed, it would seem that the second movement of Beethovens work is to represent the realization of ones destiny through nature. In Wagners opera, Siegfried, there are scenes within the second act that take place in the forest. In which, the main character, Siegfried learns of his destiny from the ability to understand a forest bird. This situation is the exact opposite from that of Beethovens, where the composer realizes his destiny through the discovery that he can no longer hear. Two compositions that were disjointed by nearly one hundred years, both contain similar imagery that represents a persons realization and acceptance of their destiny through nature. The chances of this being a coincidence seem rather unlikely. To say that that Beethovens Pastoral inspired Wagners use of nature within t his opera would be a fair conclusion.When discussing Beethoven, the Sixth Symphony may not be a piece that comes to mind right away one might rather recall themes from other symphonies by him. However, the grandeur of this piece in the evolution of the symphony as a genre is too important to go overlooked. The mere fact that out of the nine symphonies that Beethoven wrote, the Sixth was the only one to receive a programmatic title and descriptive scenes attached to the movements is an indication at the significance of this work. It may not have directly influenced several composers in the years that followed as far as content is concerned, but Beethovens ability to combine aspects of program music with the absoluteness of a symphony opened the door to possibilities for future composers on both sides of the spectrum.

Legal Brief Essay Example for Free

well-grounded Brief EssayCase name, citation, and court Ashley County, Arkansas v. Pfizer, Inc, 552 F.3d 659 (8th Cir. 2009) Summary of Key Facts An ingredient widely utilise in Pfizers products is a necessary ingredient in the manufacturing of nutamphetamine in small ototoxic labs which are responsible for dangerous explosions, burns, and toxic fumes.Arkansas has one of the largest numbers of small toxic labs in the US and is burdened with high costs of chip the folderol epidemic and is seeking to recoup rough of the funds that the counties of Arkansas have spent. The Issue Is Pfizer ethically responsible for assisting in the funding of fighting the meth epidemic? The Holding Since Pfizer is a major manufacturer of products containing necessary ingredients used in illegal meth labs and the counties of Arkansas has been so heavily monetaryly burdened by these labs, the damages are obvious.The counties have suffered financial loss from battling a drug that could not be mad e without the ingredients in Pfizers products. Because of these damages and Pfizers role in the supply of ingredients to drug labs, it is the responsibility of Pfizer to either, repay the counties and finance the future costs of fighting the meth epidemic or find alternative ingredients to use in their products that cannot be used in the manufacture of meth. Summary of Your Reasoning It is the corporate responsibility of Pfizer to assist in funding the counties operations battling meth. beneath a corporate citizenship view, Pfizer is responsible for contributing to the solution of the social problem that their products create. Meth is an epidemic chop-chop sweeping the nation and it is the responsibility of anyone, or company, with any tie to the drug at all, to contribute to the solution, the alike amount that they contribute to the problem.

Breach of contract - contract law Essay Example for Free

Breach of contr arrange shoot law EssaySpanish deal integrity provides a broad nonion of prisonbreak of iron for any doings that departs from the specified behavior in the contract in any way (time, quality, substance, etc.) or is non specially justified on legal grounds (actions forbidden by the government be not breaches since they atomic number 18 justified on a legal ground).The ecumenic benchmark to determine breach is the contract agreed by the parties themselves, and not external notions. However, external notions argon mappingd in important situation such as the consumers market place where the consumers prospects are the primary benchmarks to assess quality and performance since there is not an explicit contract. External notions are also important in some separate market, where a third party whitethorn chip in more or less profession or responsibility over the contract, and therefore, is responsible (at least in part) for any potential breach.The antecedent for breach does not exclude the breach. What matters is the breach. The analysis of breach drives place in objective terms. Subjective factors in general do not exclude breach, although they whitethorn affect remedies. In reliable contractual areas, breach of duty and fault are generally subscribe tod ( passe-partout contracts, management contracts breach requires violation of a duty of carefulness or a duty of loyalty). In professional contracts, the fault whitethorn be of a professional who was in contract with the firm, and in management contracts, it may be the fault of the manager.2) RemediesSpanish Contract law provides a wide range of general remedies for breach of contract Specific performance the approach forces the breacher to act as it was constituted in the contract. If for practice, the contract stipulated that the promiser had to give the promisee a product of quality 2 and he delivers a nigh(a) of quality 1, then(prenominal) as free the roy al court force the promiser to deliver a good of quality 2. regaining the court force the breacher to pay a certain essence of capital( modify) to the other party as compensation. It is a monetary remedy. The court calculate the beat to be paid. Liquidated regaining these are also monetary compensation, but with the contrariety that they are not calculate by the court, but they are instead specified in the contract itself. One example are the soccer players contracts, or sale contracts that specifies the amount to be paid for each day of delay.Other general remedies that we sess find are Termination if a party fulfills a breach, it can contract with roughly other party and abandon its contractual obligation. If the breacher does not agree with this, court is necessary. Reduction of prices in case of breach of a party, a general remedy is to flash back the price to equilibrate the contract.Generally, it is the aggrieved party who chooses the remedy to be enforce.3) Specif ic performanceSpecific performance is a remedy for breach characterized by the fact that a failed performance or departure from required action by the contract volition be imposed upon breaching party. It is also characterized by several material variants of the remedy such as forced delivery, forced action, requirement not to do, repair defective performance and replace non-conforming good. In the case of the injunction not to do, the court oblige the breacher not to do something, such as obliging a CEO to work for the disceptation if in the contract it was stipulated that he cannot. Specific performance conceptually includes repair and replacement of consumer goods.The main outcome with specific performance, when it is feasible, is the issue of the balance of benefits and constitutes of the remedy. Specific performance implies that the breacher perform as the contract establishes. However, sometimes, the cost of this performance may be high than the benefit in social welfare terms. Take the example of the mining firm, which has a contract with the owner of the land to mine for 10 years and then unused the land. When the 10 year pass, the firms breaches the contract and refuse to clean. The cost of cleaning the land is 20 millions, and the benefit for theowner is 1 million. So if the court imposes a specific performance to firm, society ordain loose 19 millions. A good alternative would be to impose modify to the firm, which would be preferred by the owner, since an compact amid the firm and the owner will be reached that maximize the social welfare.In these cases, performance may be more costly than its value for promisee performance may be ex post in economic. in that location are both plus and negative features of specific performance as a remedy. As positive features, we can distinguish low informational requirements to apply remedy ( averts cost of error linked to estimating defames) and the party aggrieved by breach appears to be satisfie d in its promissory expectation. As negative features, we find performance may be more costly than its value for promisee (performance may be ex post inefficient), requires a court order and takes time, for complex performances requires costly and difficult supervision by court and performance by a party forced to comply with contract may be perfunctory (lowest effort) at best.4) reparation modify are understood as general remedies that can be applied to all types of contracts and breaches of contracts. It is a remedy defined in very broad terms amount of money to punish any vituperate suffered by the injured party as a consequence of any breach of contract. We can recount between two kinds of restitution expectation and reliance damage. This is why it is a remedy with a uncertain extension.Expectation remedyExpectation damages is the sum of money that will give the party damage the same amount of welfare and utility than if the contract would not yield been breached and the final result would convey been attained. Therefore, the breach party would have to pay the aggrieved party an amount of money that would compensate for the impairment caused and in addition an amount of money equal to the value of the performance for this party.There are however some occupations with expectation damages since they are difficult to compute and some instances of moral hazard may appear. Those who stress for damages have to provide evidence of both the existence and amount of damages. This requirement has some exceptions in case of harm in re ipsa illegitimate use of a productive good, deprivation of a productive good, and few other examples.Expectation damages is the general rule in Spanish Law for breach of contract. It is the damage measure that accompanies termination for breach and the replacement measure of specific performance. It is awarded when there is a breach of representations and warranties, advertising and promotional communications and in cases o f pre-contractual fraud that are equivalent to breach of contracts.How can we compute expectation damages? When goods or function admit substitutes or cover transactions to avoid the negative consequences of the other partys breach of contract, the price of these transactions is relevant. If the seller breaches the contract and the buyer has bought a good, generally fungible, then the expectation damages will be equal to the difference between the price of the substitute and the price established in the contract Psub-Pc. If the buyer breaches the contract and the seller celebrates a cover sale the expectation damages would be equal to the difference between the price established in the contract and the price of the new sale Pc-Psub. Other ways of computing expectation damages are the followingMarket damages (for fungible good with market price) buyer will intoxicate expectation damages consisting of the difference between the market price when the breach of contract took place (Pm ) and the contract price (Pc). Seller will receive the opposite difference.Expectation damages present some limitations that drop it scope and amount. One of this limitations is the foreseeability rule. This rule state that the breacher should only be liable for the things that are foreseen or could have foreseen at the time of contracting and that are necessaryconsequence of his failure to perform. For instance, if the foreseeable harm of a breach is 100 and the aggrieved party end up suffering a loss of 1000, the foreseeability rule states that damages will amount only to 100. The foreseeability rule gives incentives to give information in the time of contracting. Those who suffer from harm must declare the value of the performance. In tort law, there is no foreseeability rule, you pay the actual damage. some other limitation is the duty to mitigate damages the aggrieved party is under the duty to mitigate damages that the other contracting party has caused with her / his breach of contract.Reliance damagesReliance damages sum of money that will give the party damaged the same amount of welfare and utility than if the contract would not have taken place (the initial situation). This is why reliance damages are generally lower than expectation damages. Reliance damages cover expenses for the injured party derived from concluding the contract, specific investments that the injured party has make in reliance of performance of the contract by the other party and opportunity costs. Limited assetsDamages do not always work well. Sometimes, individuals can bear the compensation of these damages, and therefore, they will have incentives to reduce them. However, this is not always the case. When the breacher has not enough assets to pay damages up to the point of optimal care, damages do not work well, because people will not pay for the consequences of their acts, and therefore, their level of care will be the optimal according to what they can pay, and not what they should pay. This is kat oncen as judgement proof problem.Damages for pain and sufferingThe traditional position of the Spanish Supreme courtyard and Spanish Courts is To accept damages for pain and suffering for breach of contract To award damages for pain and suffering with a congress amplitude and generosity. To award damages for pain and suffering with several functions To avoid the problems of calculating and justifying the amount of the damage award To compensate harm in personality rights (right to life, liberty, honor, etc.). To compensate non-patrimonial values joined to economic goods and rights (discomfort, inconvenience, disappointment, frustration) To penalize intolerable or egregious behaviors of breach of contract. When an individual suffer harm, her utility decreases (she goes form point A to point B, but her utility function for money will not change). If this harm is economic, we can compensate this harm with money, which will leave her at point A again. Howe ver, the harm that an individual can suffer may be non-economic, and for the same amount of money her utility decreases (her utility function changes). Money cannot bear upon the initial utility (a huge amount would be needed). This is the case of pain and suffering (accident and death of a relative, discomfort, etc). This is why it is useless to take insurance for death, since it would not compensate the harm. The hairy submit exampleWhat is the difference between expectation and reliance damage? Lets look at an example. An individual was injured in his collapse and lost 50% of his use. He entered in a contract with a doctor who promised to reestablish the hand to a 100% of use in exchange for quantity of money. Before the contract was made, the individual was laid in an indifference curve that related all thecombination of hand use and money that let the individual indifferent. We assume that the individual is willing to give up hand use for money. After the contract and opera tion, the individual was worse off, with 25% of use. What should the doctor pay as damage? If expectation damages are used, the doctor should pay the individual a quantity of money that together with the 25% of hand use leave him with the same utiity as if the contract had succeded and he had 100% of use (situate him in a higher indifference curve). If reliance damages are imposed, the doctor should pay the individual a quantity of money that, together with the 25% of hand use, leave him with the same utility as if the contract did not take place, with 50% of hand use (situate him in the initial indifference curve).5) Liquidated damagesLiquidated damages are damages for breach that are not determined ex post breach by a Court or arbitration panel, but ex ante by the contract parties themselves into the contract. Such possibility of privately stipulated remedies for breach is acknowledged by close legal systems, typically in the form of payment of money, although other possibilitie s may exist. They typically replace Court damages and they can be agreed as added punishment for breach.The most important issue is whether Courts are forced to enforce liquidated damages, or they may disregard, or reduce, the amount of the liquidated damages award. The reasons why Courts allow liquidated damages are Freedom of contract A large liquidated damages clause may be necessary to induce promisee to find promise credible and the contract sustainable. Parties are in a better position than Courts to assess benefits and costs of determining a given amount. Liquidated damages compensate systematic underestimation of damages by Courts. If liquidated damages are higher than the expectation damages, then the court will apply the second ones.There are however some economic arguments that may pull up stakes to reduce or at least control the level of liquidated damages clauses Excessive damages clauses resulting from incorrect predictions or forecasts about future outcomes. External shocks unforeseen by parties that produce an unexpected cast up in the damages payment. True uncertainty about future costs for one party. Behavioral biases that lead party to underestimate the true adverse impact of a damages clause (the deferred cost problem) Over-optimism concerning future performance and costs (the example of the gym) Hyperbolic discounting of future outcomesWe can see the liquidated damages as barriers to entry. An excessive amount of LD is beneficial for the parties to the detriment of a third party whomay bid for the services of breaching party. Promisor agrees to pay an amount larger than ED, in exchange of higher price. Promisee uses high liquidated damages to back off larger payment from a third party interested in performance by promiser larger payment from third party increases the surplus to the contract parties, that is shared between them. Also, excessive payment of third party are made possible by excessive damages clauses, which reduce efficient entry by third parties, and prevents them from successfully bidding for promisors performance. That is why the goal of step-down excessive liquidated damages is not to protect the breaching party, but third-parties.Sometimes, excessive LD for signaling are unwanted, since an unforeseeable casualty may appear that will cause a breach in the contract. A pooling equilibrium may be more desirable than a separating one when the distortion caused by the penalty on the good type is large enough.6) TerminationAmong the general remedies for breach, the last one is termination (or rescission, or cancellation, as it may also be called in Common Law jurisdictions). This remedy entitles the aggrieved party to cancel the contractual descent with the breaching party, eliminating the obligations arising from the terminated contract.Once the contract is terminated the parties should give back what was received under the contract, unless the goods are now in lawful possession of a third party. In this case, the value of the goods would replace the goods themselves. The elimination of the personal effects of the contract is retroactive it is considered that the contract did not exist.Spanish courts have established that termination does not require a lawsuit. However, if the other party disputes the termination or its conditions, restitution would require a lawsuit. Courts do not determine termination, but declare whether termination was or not properly effected by the party. The most contested issue about termination is when is termination available as a remedy. It is clear that not every breach or non-performance allows theaggrieved party to terminate, but a qualified breach (material or primaeval breach) is required. We can define it as follow Relevance the breach must affect the central obligations or duties under the contract and not merely ancillary or incidental duties. Duration the breach should not be merely sporadic or transitory, but likely to be repeated or cont inuing. grandness the breach must substantially affect the interests of the non-defaulting party. Termination does not go alone, it does not exclude damages, and in fact it is naturally accompanied by damages payment.

Sustainable Project Management Methods and Techniques for Sustainable Games Development Essay Example for Free

sustainable Project Management Methods and Techniques for Sustainable Games Development EssayIf organizations want to incorporate sustainability into their strategy and culture, sustainability principles need to be integrated in discovers and despatch anxiety. The purpose of this paper is to critically reflect on the enormousness of considering sustainability in fuddles and evaluate appropriate methods and techniques for embedding sustainability principles in project caution. This essay is organized in four briny p prowesss. The splendor of considering sustainability in project is critically analyzed in the next part.Methods and Techniques for the integration of sustainability in project management be evaluated on the third part of the essay. This will involve practical examples from the workplace and case studies emphasissed on red-hot media projects, in particular, the development of games and applications. Concluding remarks argon presented in the last part of the essay. 2. The importance of sustainability in project management The debate close to the importance of considering sustainability in project management rousenot be appropriately discussed without beneathstanding the need for corporate sustainability and its drivers.Project management is intrinsically embedded in the concern environment and we cannot to evaluate the significance of sustainable projects management without analyzing the importance on embedding sustainability into business. Both go touch in hand. Sustainability in business aims to achieve long term monetary success while alter to economic and social growth, and trim down its impact in the environment. Corporate sustainability holds three dimensions of needs, known as the triple bottom task economic prosperity social equity and quality of life ecological election preservation.Corporate sustainability can be defined as a business approach that creates long-term shareholder value by embracing opportunities a nd managing risks derived from economic, environmental and social developments ( Dow Jones Sustainability indexes, 2011). era the issue of sustainable business, often referred under the green umbrella, has been the object of abundant literature, there has been little emphasis on understanding how the principles of sustainability feed to project and project management until recently.Taking into account the pivotal role of projects in the shaping of products and services deep down organization, it is surprising that these to concepts- sustainability and project management- have not had more relevance in the discussion of corporate sustainability. As Maltzman and Shirley rightly question in their introduction to unripe Project Management (2011, p. xxi) Projects are where business ideas buy the farm reality, later on(prenominal) all. Projects, by definition, use resources. Shouldnt projects, therefore, be a key are of any focus on green business? The business case of sustainabili ty has the same multifaceted approach as its definition. The main drivers of green business and projects fall in the 3 main areas considered in the triple bottom line approach- social, environmental and financial- plus an added area of legislative drivers. In the following four sub-segments we will analyzed these drivers of from a business and a project management point of view. 2. 1Environmental drivers The environmental sphere of business is related to the management of resources required to produce a product or a service.The two main environmental drivers for organizations are to decrease the impact in the environment generated by harmful waste and to achieve a founder use of resources. Sustainable waste management can bring financial benefits to business by reducing the approach of dealing with the impact of the damage to the environment degradation with regards to resource use, the focus is on efficiency. The slight materials they are use, the greater the autocratic environ mental impact. This also applies to human resources and time management.Minimizing waste has also positive financial effects because it drives costs down. Efficient use of resources and time is a vital part of project management, it has been suggested (Maltzman, Shirley 2011) that the discipline of project management always has been concerned on how to efficiently use resources even if that concern did not come from a sustainability background. Good project managers will always try to reduce cost and use resources in the most efficient manner.The entirely thing that is missing is to add that environmental class to it. As Gill Friend clearly outline on his book The Truth About Green Business (2009) that sustainable business are not just about the environment, it presents a whole new way of seeing business and it brings a new range of direct opportunities to make money. There is an increase social interest on sustainability therefore, there is an increasing demand on products and se rvices that take sustainability into account. 2. 2Social driversThe management of corporate social sustainability is more widely known as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). ii Tomorrows (2009) explains that CSR is about how businesses align their values and behaviour with the expectations and needs of stakeholders not just customers and investors, but also employees, suppliers, communities, regulators, specific interest groups and society as a whole. There are many business benefits that can be achieved by taking an ethical and socially responsible approach within the organization.It could jockstrap increase mark off reputation and value within its stakeholders. Intensive research over 3 year covering three hundred firms (Hillman, Kleim, 2001) concluded that investing in stakeholder management may be complementary to shareholder value presentation and may indeed provide a basis for competitive advantage as important resources and capabilities may be created that differe ntiate a firm from competitors. As Maltzman and Shirley (2011, p. 3-25) explain that corporate social responsibility is an built-in part of project management. Project managers are at the forefront of business activities and at the leading pungency of change within organizations so who better to emphasize CSR, particularly if it isnt in the corporations DNA? . 2. 3Economic drivers When we conversation about economic sustainability we are not only talking about financial capital or tangible capital economic sustainability it also takes into account intangible capital such as reputation. unmistakable effects could be the cost reduction achieved through rectifyd environmental, health and safety performance or receipts increases due to a raise on sales caused by the market opportunities for sustainable products and services. intangible effects referred to in the figure below (Salzmann et. al. ) as value constructs, do no improve the revenue per se, but they do have significant posi tive effects that can, indeed, be utilize to achieve financial gains to organizations. The same principles can be applied to project management. Figure 1 Systemization of value drivers and value constructs (Salzmann et al. 2. 4Legal drivers From the facts presented in the previous contributions, one might conclude that they create a sufficient business case for sustainability on their own accord. However legislation is still one of the key drivers for organizations to incorporate green business practices. darn some voices have raise the financial burden that following this legislations can bring to companies, numerous studies (Greenstone, count and Syverson, 2010 Goodstein, 1994 Jaffe et al. , 1995 Meyer, 1995) have found these economic effects are limited in scope and duration and are fewer in number than previously entrustd.Moreover it has been empirically demonstrated (Meyer, 1995) that complying with legislations contributes to cost savings by avoiding the financial penalties for not complying and, in some case, by achieving incentives. Regulation can fuel innovation that improve productivity, increase efficiency, and provide substantial cost savings 3. Sustainable game development projects In this section we will evaluate different methods and techniques that help project managers to incorporate sustainability in their projects. Practical examples and tools will be provided focused in the area of games software development.I have chosen this industry not only because we can supplement the research with useful personal work experience, but more importantly because a lot of the discussion on sustainable project manager has been centred in the type of project and we believe that sustainability considerations can and must be embedded in the PM rhythm of any project. 3. 1Methods for sustainable project management 3. 1. 1Lean games development an Agile approach As we have seen in previous section, sustainability principles talk about reducing waste and incr easing resource efficiency and understanding stakeholders to drive value.Poppendieck explains (2003) how lean thought is establish on a deep understanding on what it adds value to the project and to the customer, the importance of rapid rate of flow and using the teams capabilities to their best potential, in other words lean sentiment is all about sustainability. While lean thinking has its origin in manufacturing, it also can be applied to other industries. In the world of software development, that includes games software, Agile methodologies provide a new framework for the application of lean thinking to software development projects.Lightweight software development methods started to appear in the mid-1970s as a response to the inefficiency of the traditional methodology in software development. These are now typically referred to as agile methodologies, after the Agile Manifesto was published in 2001. There are many correspondences between Lean thinking and Agile. David H arvey concludes his essay Lean, Agile by saying the insight of agile, in getting back to fundamentals of how we can work together to deliver things of human as well as commercial value, is compelling the beatify of lean lies in the discovery that we are not alone. Understanding lean principles and applying agile methodologies will help project managers to incorporate sustainability to software and games development projects. 3. 1. 2Life cycle thinking It is not over until long after is over Essential to successfully relate sustainability to project management is to understand the cradle to crate philosophy, and to apply sustainability to project life cycle, from the project beginning through closure and beyond. The project life cycle of sustainability should include another phase after the project completion.It can be defined as the complete cycle of a project that includes not only the beginning of the project through to implementation, but also beyond the defined parameters of t he projects (Maltzman, Shirley 2011). Dick and Naumann (2010) proposed a definition of green software development that applies the principles of life cycle thinking and that can be also applied to Games Development (GD) Green and Sustainable Software Engineering is the art of developing green and sustainable software with a green and sustainable software engineering process.

A View from the Bridge Essay Example for Free

A project from the tie EssayPride plays a great role in the play, A View from the Bridge. The biggest victim of pride is Eddie, who loses both his pride and respect throughout the play. And this gradual privation heavily affects the characters behaviors. up to now pride does not seem to be the only factor that dictates the progress of the play. In the beginning of the play, Eddie is all-inclusive of pride. He is respected by both Marco and Rodolfo as well as the community. The quote, I want to see to it you now Eddie when you say go, we will go, shows that Marco and Rodolfo respect Eddie. The quote in other words means that Marco and Rodolfo will be doing whatever Eddie tells them to do. The fact that this is Marcos first signifi cigarett line in the play shows how big Marco thinks of Eddie. likewise the hyphen in the middle of the reprobate rejoins effect, which emphasizes the message Marco is trying to send to Eddie. The pride Marco and Rodolfo give Eddie in the fami ly allows Eddie to lower his guard and gives him a chance to respect Marco as well. This perspective can be seen from the following line. Eddie says, Youre welcome, Marco, we got plenty of room here. He addresses Marco, which shows that Eddie is in favor of him.Then the second discover of the line, we got plenty of room here. , not only shows the Eddie is welcoming Marco, but it excessively shows that Eddie has given Marco his respect. A inhabit in their house symbolizes respect. At first, Eddie and Marco both have each others trust and respect, well-favoured them both pride which brings the two to a peaceful relationship. Later as the play progresses Eddie begins to lose his pride. Marco says, Here. (the hold in raised like a weapon over Eddies head and he transforms what might get along like a glare of specimen into a smile of triumph) The simplicity of the sentence emphasizes Marcos loss of respect for Eddie.The stage direction, Over Eddies head also symbolizes how Marco has overcome Eddie. Also the glare of warning shows that Marco no longer thinks of Eddie as someone he should respect. The story continues as Eddie loses his pride. Pride is very consequential to Eddie. He says Yeah Marco Eddie Carbone. Eddie Carbone. Eddie Carbone. His name symbolizes his pride and the repeating of it shows the importance of his name in Eddies heart. Also he does not just say his first name but also his last name, which also emphasizes his name his pride. The communitys reaction is another event that comes from pride.(Lipari and wife exits Louis barely turns, then walks forth the stage and exits down right with Mike. ) is a stage direction that shows the communitys reaction to what Eddie had through to Marco and Rodolfo. Lipari and his wife, Louis, and Mike represent the community. The fact that they have walked off and exited indicates that the whole community has turned their backs on Eddie. From there, we can see that Eddie has lost his pride in his commun ity as well as his family. Although pride is a main factor behind the progression of the play, loyalty and family relationships, also play a very master(prenominal) role.Family relationships play a very important role. This could be seen from Beatrices line, Eddie, listen to me. Who could give you your name? attend to me, I love you, Im talking to you. I love you. The short sentences make the sentence feel real and have a real impact, as if Beatrice is really trying to talk to Eddie. Furthermore, the repetition of the phrases, listen to me and I love you emphasizes how much Beatrice really cares about Eddie. Pride and family relationships play a coarse rule in the progression of the play.